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PMSM & Servo Motors

  Testing of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are brushless and have very high reliability and efficiency. Due to their permanent magnet rotor, they also have higher torque with smaller frame size and no rotor current, all of which are advantages over AC Induction Motors (AICMs).

With their high power-to-size ratio, PMSMs can help make your design smaller without the loss of torque. PMSMs need to be commutated like BLDC motors, but due to the construction of the windings, the waveforms need to be sinusoidal for good performance.

PMSM: Key Applications:

  • Automotive (Drive system for all types of 2- & 3-Wheelers)
  • Automotive (Drive system all of Electrical Vehicles)
  • Aerospace (Drive system)
  • Power plant & Aerospace Actuators
  • Refrigerator Compressor & Direct-Drive Washing Machine
  • Automotive electrical power steering, including ePRCB (Electric powered re-circulating ballscrew)
  • Machining tools
  • Traction control
  • Data storage
  • Others

 

MEA supply systems and solutions, including customized solutions, for all PMSM applications.

 

Automotive (Drive system for all types of Electrical Vehicles)

MEA Electric Vehicle and Traction Motor laboratory systems include the capabilities for testing high-speed, high-torque electric vehicle (EV) motors, in laboratory applications. These capabilities overcome some unique challenges, due to the unique motor applications, such as: high power densities, high speed ranges, high torque ranges, robustness, and more.

MEA’s solution for this special requirement provides capabilities that enable testing EV motors of a maximum power of 200 kW at 24,000 rpm, and a power of 100 kW at maximum speed of 36,000 rpm.

MEA Testing Systems provides PMSM Test stands that allow the user to test motors for performance, efficiency, or Endurance for any type of R&D or End of Line requirements.

The PMSM Test stands are controlled with the MEA RDS software. The data-acquisition is done with the software and you can also automate your tests with it.

 

Automotive (Drive system for all types of 2- & 3-wheelers)

MEA Electric Vehicle and Traction Motor laboratory systems include the capabilities for testing and mapping of performance parameters of EV traction motors.

MEA’s solutions for this are systems designed for evaluating multiple types and multiple manufacturers’ motors, with ranges of up to 25 kW, of up to 80 V, and max speeds of up to 15000 rpm.

Motors are driven by their respective controller, with different types of communication protocols (CAN, LIN, A/D, FlexRay, Speedgoat, Modbus, etc.).

 

Aerospace (Drive system)

MEA Aerospace laboratory systems include the capabilities for testing motors from 1 kW up to 360 kW, with their hardware.

The systems are used to test the different electric hardware applications and motors at laboratory settings, simulating the real-life conditions they will have while implemented in their final applications.

Applications can be: electrical unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), electrical passenger planes, military applications, etc.

 

Power Plant & Aerospace Actuators

MEA Power plant laboratory systems include the capabilities for testing full performance for synchronous motors(PMSM), from 1 kW up to 140 kW, with their hardware.

The systems are used to test actuators, optimized for high-force and precision, in a compact footprint,making them ideal for power plant and aerospace & aviation applications, such as: airplane landing gear and access doors actuation system, helicopter motion control (rotor blade trailing edge flaps, onboard beam control, and gear and access doors.)

 

Refrigerator Compressor & Direct-Drive Washing Machine

MEA Home Appliance laboratory systems include the capabilities for testing 
refrigerator compressors & direct-drive washing machines, from 30 W up to 3.7 kW, with their hardware.

The systems are used to test the different electric hardware applications and motors at laboratory and at production line (EOL systems).

Applications can be: direct-drive washing machines, refrigerator compressors, Air conditioner, etc.

 

Automotive Electrical Power Steering, including ePRCB (Electric powered re-circulating ballscrew)

MEA Automotive laboratory systems include the capabilities for testing electrical power steering, including ePRCB with their hardware.

The systems are used for NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) tests, using tri-axis force & vibration sensors; Dynamic tests, using two-side loading with very high accuracy speed & torque sensors; and Friction tests.

Applications can be: automotive electric vehicles (EV), etc.

 

Selected Basic Capabilities

  • Four-quadrant loading systems with Performance Generating & Motoring Modes, including the following selected capabilities:
  • Complete load performance with Nested Control Loops (Voltage, Speed, Torque), including No Load (Coupled & Uncoupled).
  • Automatic Temperature rise test – Thermocouple, PT-100 , Thermistors (all types).
  • S1 to S8 – IEC duty cycles of operation for electrical motors.
  • Load from Excel – Load any type of sequence according to predefined table or formula.

Selected Automotive Capabilities

  • Battery Simulation with Bidirectional power supply from 5V up to 1200V / 1000A.
  • Battery Testing – SOC (State of Charge) script and SOD (State of Discharge) scrip for simple and advanced batteries.
  • Generator testing – ISG
  • Standard electrical parameters testing: HV, Vibration, Noise, NVH, Inductance Test 3 Phases, and others.

Additional Capabilities

  • Cogging
  • Back EMF, Back EMF RMS, Waveform Back EMF.
  • Friction Spectrum, Friction vs. Speed, and Friction Drag Torque.
  • Ripple Torque, Constant KE, Torque Ripple Measurements at Low RPM & at High RPM.
  • Deceleration Test (MOI Calculation).
  • Servo Bandwidth (Speed Loop & Current Loop).
  • Performance at Variable Voltage.
  • Electromechanical Time Constant.
  • Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) solutions.

Dynamic Capabilities

  • Fan Load Simulation, at different static and dynamic conditions.
  • Torque Speed FFT.
  • Voltage and Current Harmonics Speed Torque Scope Viewer
  • Dynamic Testing during acceleration and deceleration.

 

All MUT can be controlled via CAN, PWM, Analog, and other type of communication protocols.

 

Servo Motor Dynamometer

A Servo Motor is a closed-loop servomechanism that uses position feedback (like encoder) to control its motion and final position. The input to its control is a signal (either analogue or digital) representing the position commanded for the output shaft.

Servo Motors are used in radio-controlled airplanes to position control surfaces like elevators, rudders, walking a robot, or operating grippers.

Servo Motor advantages:

  • Excel at position and speed control.
  • High output power relative to motorsize and weight.
  • Encoder determines accuracy and resolution.
  • High efficiency. It can approach 90% at light loads.
  • High torque to inertia ratio. Servo Motors can rapidly accelerate loads.
  • Servo motors achieve high speed at high torque values.
  • Quiet at high speeds.

Servo Motor disadvantages:

  • Requires tuning to stabilize the feedback loop.
  • Will become unpredictable when something breaks, so safety circuits are required.
  • Complex controller requires encoder and electronic support.
  • Peak torque is limited to a 1% duty cycle. Servo Motors can be damaged by sustained overload.
  • Gear boxes are often required to deliver power at higher speeds.
  • Higher overall system cost and the installation cost of a Servo Motor system may be higher than that of a stepper motor due to the requirement for feedback components
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